Original title: Jing Ming Shen Yuan said Qingming
The Qingming Festival's eating activities provide people with a tribute to the ancestors, banquets and entertainers, and the occasions where the relatives and the Yi people share the joy of family. The mentality of avoiding the evil spirits and the hope for a better future are also reflected in the diet.
Traditional festivals always have specific dietary customs, which is an important feature of Chinese festival culture. Eat dumplings during the Spring Festival, eat fried beans on February 2, eat dumplings in the Dragon Boat Festival, eat moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival, eat Chongyang cakes in Chongyang, and so on. But the holiday diet is never simply to satisfy the appetite, but to have more cultural significance. Specific foods and behaviors related to specific foods always reveal the desires, desires, emotions and emotions of the group and the individual. Values. The Ching Ming Festival also has special foods, which vary from place to place and are rich in variety. They also entrust people's pursuit of good things and ideal realms.
Ricketing
Physical health is the basic need of each individual, but people are always faced with the threat of various diseases in their lifetime. In the face of the threat of disease, people have fears and positive responses. The diet in the festival is often given the meaning of strengthening the body and eliminating all diseases.
Eating eggs is a long-standing, well-published Qingming Festival, which has already begun in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, people also carved or dyed eggs and presented them to each other. Luo Binwang had the first poem "Zhujizi". When he wrote to the Ching Ming Festival, he met an artist who was good at carving eggs. He was able to "sculpt a face and write a new eyebrow", an ordinary egg in his hand. Very beautiful crafts. To this day, eggs are still an indispensable Qingming Festival in many places. In the northeastern region, there is a folk saying that "the Qingming does not eat eggs, and the fight is poor and chaotic." Whether Qingming does not eat eggs must make people "poor and chaotic", dare not say, but the importance of eating eggs can be seen.
Green rice is also called black rice, black glutinous rice, made of glutinous rice dyed with green leaves, and is very popular in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangxi and other places in China. The green tree is also called the South Candle Tree, the Black Rice Tree, the Black Rice Grass, etc. It is an evergreen shrub with a height of 1 to 3 meters. The dry, leaf and root have medical effects. Modern medicine has proved that Qingjing leaves are good for essence, strong bones, eyesight, and diarrhea. The custom of eating Wuwu had already prevailed in the Tang Dynasty. In the poem "Gift of Li Bai", Du Fu had a poem of "There was no green rice, which made me color good." The black rice is usually made by crushing and smashing the green leaves. It is soaked in water for about three hours, filtered with gauze, and then poured into the green juice to soak for four or five hours. Steamed into the cage. People believe that the Qingming Festival eats Wujiu, can strengthen the bones, benefit the strength, benefit the stomach and intestines, and solidify the beauty.
In Changsha, Hunan, people pick the leaves of Artemisia argyi, Prunella vulgaris, diced green rice and rice noodles to eat, called "eat green", eat "Ai leaves", and there is a saying that "the Qingming has eaten green and walks lightly." In Hangzhou, Zhejiang, people use flour to make the shape of a dog, called "Qingming dog", and let children eat it in the summer. As the saying goes: "Eat the Qingming dog, the year is up." In Xiapu County, Fujian, people use glutinous rice. I chrysanthemum chrysanthemums and chrysanthemums are eaten.
Not wrong with farming
In our traditional society, agriculture is the foundation of the country and the source of food and clothing that sustains people's lives. Therefore, it is always a common wish of people to pray for the prosperity of crops and the harvest of sericulture. "Before and after the Qingming, order melons and beans", in the early Qing Dynasty, in the early April of the solar calendar, it is a good time to plant, in this important point for agricultural production, people do not mistake the farming, use practical actions to grasp the work, On the other hand, some dietary activities are also used to promote the realization of the above wishes.
For example, in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, the farmer has the habit of eating snails in Qingming. On this day, the needle is used to pick out the snail meat for cooking, which is called “picking greenâ€. After eating, the snail shell should be thrown onto the roof. It is said that the rolling sound on the roof tile can scare the mouse, which is conducive to the sericulture after the Qingming. In Tongxiang, it is important to pay attention to the family reunion dinner. There are a few traditional dishes such as fried snails, glutinous rice glutinous rice, germinated beans and Malan head. Among them, eating silk is a long and good wish for silkworms to spit. Eat fried snails, and throw the leftover snail shell into the house. It is said that the sound can scare the mouse, and the caterpillar will drill into the shell to make a nest, no longer harassing the silkworm. In the southwestern part of Shandong, Qingming Festival eats a food called “multiple fightsâ€. Use more grains to make skin, radish, tofu, etc. to make stuffing. Before eating, you should turn around the wheat field for a few laps and turn and say: "More than dozens of fights, more food and more food. More and more fights, more food and more people." The prayer for the crop harvest is obvious .
Not only does the human diet contain the meaning of not forgetting the time of farming, but the custom of the beef and cattle in some places has the same meaning. As the saying goes: "Hit a thousand, 10,000, eat a meal during the Ching Ming Festival." Ching Ming Festival, the cattle will soon be put into heavy labor, people choose to feed it a good time at a marked time node Eating is not only the care of the cows, but also the performance of the farm.
Dun relatives
Sociality is the essential attribute of human beings. The relationship between people is maintained and coordinated to some extent through certain ethical norms, and the relatives and the ancestors of the ancestors can be described as traditional Chinese society. An important part of ethics. After the Qingming sweeping the tomb, the Yi people's dinner is a common practice in all parts of the country. Different places often have different opinions. For example, Shandong Zhaoyuan is called “house foodâ€, Hebei Gaoyang is called “eat partyâ€, and Fujian Chong'an is called “doing Qingmingâ€. Shaanxi Yude is called "The Tomb Society", Gansu Lingtai is called "Qingming Tomb Association", Sichuan Quxian is called "Human Lunhui", and so on. On such occasions, family and friends get together, talk about history, and now, close the relationship, warm the hearts of the people, deepen the feelings, and have the important significance of the relatives and relatives.
In addition, the Ching Ming Festival is also an important occasion for the relatives to exchange holiday food. During the festival in Hebei, during the festival, the in-laws fed the female family's ear, the common name "赘节". In Fuling, Shanxi, people use steamed fish and snakes to give gifts to relatives and friends. In Ronghe, Shanxi, there is a habit of steaming “sub-push†in the Ching Ming Festival, and people will push the daughter and son-in-law who are married. In Lianjiang, Fujian, every household uses fine wormwood and rice noodles? As a gift from relatives.
People not only feed and enjoy their own holiday food, but also often used to sacrifice ancestors, strong adjustments and ancestral sharing, which is a typical embodiment of the eternal consciousness. For example, when Jinnan people passed the Qingming period, they would have to steam a big total “Zifuâ€, which symbolizes the happiness of family reunion. When you go to the grave, you will dedicate the total "Zifu" to Zuling. After the grave is finished, the whole family will eat. In Hong'an, Hubei, people use glutinous rice and mung beans to make mung bean glutinous rice. When Qingming sweeps the tomb, the elderly people of each family hold umbrellas, hold mung bean cakes, and put green chopsticks on the chopsticks. They face the southeast and offer the original ancestors of the original soy (Jiangxi).
In addition to the above, the food and related behaviors of Ching Ming Festival also have meanings such as ultimate care, pursuit of cleverness, and pray for children. For example, in Zhenjiang, people eat Donkey Kong umbilical (commonly known as tiger feet) and scorpion, as the saying goes: "The Qingming does not eat the umbilical scorpion, and the dying prince wants to play the board." It reflects the care of the world behind him. In Boxing, Shandong, the girls will be “clear and skillful†in the Qingming Festival. The people who believe in the women’s products made by the stalks thrown into the pot, who are ingenious, reflect people’s yearning for wisdom. In Wuxi, women eat pumpkins to pray. In the mountainous area of ​​southeastern Hubei, the offerings of the ancestors of the Ming dynasty of the Deng's family in Maopu were descendants.
The ancients said: "The diet is also a joy." The Qingming Festival's food activities provide people with a tribute to the ancestors, banquets and entertainment, and the occasions where the relatives and the Yi people share the joy of family life. The future hopes are also reflected in the diet. Perhaps during the Ching Ming Festival, people from all over the world enjoy different foods, some are eggs, some are snails, some are black rice, some are spring cakes, but these festive foods are given the meaning of health, longevity, good harvest, and life continuity, and this is It is the most essential pursuit of mankind. (This article Source: Economic Daily author: Zhang Bo)
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